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States of Malaysia
› Perlis Perlis Indera Kayangan [top] Area : 810 sq km State Capital : Kangar Royal Town : Arau Head of State : DYMM Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin Putra Jamalulail Ibni Almarhum Tuanku Syed Putra Jamalullail DKP, DK, SSPJ, DKM, DMN, DK (Perak), DK (Negeri Sembilan), DK (Kedah), DK (Kelantan), DK (Terengganu), SPMJ, SPCM, SSMT, Grand Order of King Tomislav (Croatia) Chief Minister : Y.A.B Dato' Seri Shahidan Kassim SPMP, AMP District : Arau, Kangar, Padang Besar
The top half of the flag, which is yellow in colour, represents the royal status of the Ruler of Perlis. The bottom half of the flag, on the other hand, is blue and stands for the people of Perlis. The two colours lay close and in tangent with each other, reflecting the cordial and close relationship between the Ruler and his people.
The wreath of paddy represents the primary occupation and main product of the State. The shield represents the pride and honour of the State. In general, the emblem reflects the pride of the State in being a rice granary.
Amin amin ya Rabaljalil Kedah Darul Aman [top] Area : 9 426 square km State Capital : Alor Setar Royal Town : Anak Bukit Head of State : His Royal Highness Al Sultan Almu'tasimu Billahi Muhibbuddin Tuanku Alhaj Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Badlishah. D.K., D.K.H., D.K.M., D.U.K, D.K. (Kelantan), D.K. (Pahang), D.K. (Selangor), D.K. (Perlis), D.K. (Negeri Sembilan), D.K. (Johor), D.K. (Terengganu), D.K. (Perak), D.K. (Sarawak), D.U.N.M., S.P.M.K., S.S.D.K., D.H.M.S. Chief Minister : The Honourable Dato' Seri Syed Razak Bin Haji Syed Zain, SSDK.,DSDK.,KMN.,BKM.,JP. District : Baling, Bandar Bharu, Kota Setar, Kuala Muda, Kubang Pasu, Kulim, Langkawi, Padang Terap, Pendang, Sik, Yan
The state flag features a red crescent moon below a green shield and is enveloped by a yellow wreath against a red background. Red is the traditional colour of the state and also signifies prosperity while the crescent moon is symbolic of Islam. The shield symbolises the Sultan of the state as the protector and guardian of his subjects.
The wreath which consists of paddy seeds symbolises the state's principal agricultural commodity - rice. The crescent moon symbolises Islam while the shield represents the sovereign's authority.
Allah selamatkan Sultan Mahkota Penang (Pulau Pinang) [top] Area : 1 030 square km State Capital : Georgetown Head of State : His Excellency Tun Dato’ Seri Haji Abdul Rahman bin Haji Abbas SMN, DUPN, DMPN, DJN Chief Minister : Y.A.B Tan Sri Dr. Koh Tsu Koon PSM District : Barat Daya, Seberang Perai Selatan, Seberang Perai Tengah, Seberang Perai Utara, Timur Laut
The tricolour flag features vertical stripes of equal width with an areca nut tree on the white centre panel. Light blue represents the sea surrounding the island; white stands for its serenity and yellow signifies prosperity. Pulau Pinang (Penang Island) derives its name from the arecanut tree, called pokok pinang in Malay.
The betelnut tree gave the island its name. The Penang Bridge is not only a source of pride to the people of Pulau Pinang; it also unites the island with the mainland part of the State, as well as symbolising the unity between the State and the Federation. The two pillars of the bridge stand for two basic features of the New Economic Policy, namely the eradication of poverty and restructuring of society, while the four cables represent the four major races in the nation, that is Malay, Chinese, Indian and others. The five blue and white waves symbolise the five Rukunegara and the five administrative districts of the State. The five colours at the base of the betelnut tree have the same meaning.
Selamat Tuhan kurniakan Perak Darul Ridzuan [top] Area : 21 005 square km State Capital : Ipoh Royal Town : Kuala Kangsar Head of State : Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Sultan Azlan Shah Muhibbuddin Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Yussuf Izzuddin Shah Ghafarullahu-Lah DK, DKM., DMN, DK (Kelantan), DK (Terengganu), DK (Perlis), DK (Johor), DK (Selangor), DK (Kedah), DKMB (Brunei), DK (Negeri Sembilan), DK (Pahang), SSM, PMN, PSM, SPCM, SPTS, SPMP, SIMP Chief Minister : Y.A.B Dato’ Seri Di Raja Mohamad Tajol Rosli Mohd Ghazali SPSA, SPMP, DPMP, AMP District : Batang Padang, Hilir Perak, Hulu Perak, Kinta, Krian, Kuala Kangsar, Larut, Matang and Selama, Manjung, Perak Tengah
The State Flag is divided into three equal horizontal stripes. The three colours represent the three branches of the royal family whereby the throne is shared in rotation. The white stripe symbolises the Sultan while the yellow stripe is that of the Raja Muda. The black stripe represents the Raja DiHilir.
The crest worn by the Ruler on his tengkolok symbolises his sovereignty. The crescent stands for Islam, the official religion. The rice flower stands for paddy-planting, the prime occupation of the people.
Dilanjutkan Allah usianya Sultan Selangor Darul Ehsan [top] Area : 7 955 sq km State Capital : Shah Alam Royal Town : Klang Head of State : His Royal Highness Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Alhaj DK (Perak), DK, DK (Terengganu), SPMJ Chief Minister : Y.A.B Dato’ Seri Dr. Mohamad Khir Toyo SPMS, PJK District : Gombak, Hulu Langat, Hulu Selangor, Klang, Kuala Langat, Kuala Selangor, Petaling, Sabak Bernam, Sepang
The flag is divided into four equal-sized sections. The red sections denote the courage of the people of Selangor while the yellow sections are representative of the royal status of the head of state, the Sultan. The crescent moon and star on the upper left section are the symbols of Islam, the official religion of the state.
The crescent and star represent Islam, the State religion. The red spear in the centre with a short keris to the right and a long keris to the right and a long keris to the left are part of the State regalia. The jawi writing expresses the State motto, namely: "Under the protection of Allah." Below the motto appears the broad belt (tali bengkung) or sash worn at the waist by warriors in the past.
Duli Yang Maha Mulia Federal Territory - Kuala Lumpur [top] Area : 243 sq km Head of Government : Y.A.B Dato Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi Mayor of Kuala Lumpur : Datuk Haji Roslin Hj Hasan
The Kuala Lumpur Federal Territory flag comprises 14 alternating white and red stripes divided equally by a field of dark blue. The stripes represent the 13 states and the Federal Territory in the Malaysian Federation. The crescent moon and star are the symbols of Islam, the official religion of the country; dark blue represents the ethnic diversity of Kuala Lumpur. The colour white signifies purity and cleanliness, while red stands for courage, and yellow is the colour of peace and prosperity.
The design of the emblem symbolises the three main features of Kuala
Lumpur, namely as:
THE COLOUR The green in the segment for culture and learning signify growth and life, appropriate with our growing and dynamic culture
Dengan megah berkibar benderaku Federal Territory - Putrajaya [top] Area : 4 931 hectares Head of Government : Y.A.B Dato Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi
Negeri Sembilan Darul Khusus [top] Area : 6 643 square km State Capital : Seremban Royal Town : Sri Menanti Head of State : Duli Yang Maha Mulia Yang Dipertuan Besar Tuanku Ja’afar ibni Almarhum Tuanku Abdul Rahman DK, DKM, DMN, DKMB (Brunei), DK (Kelantan), DK (Kedah), DK (Selangor), DK (Perlis), DK (Johor), DK (Perlis), DK (Pahang), DK (Terengganu), DK (Perak) Chief Minister : Y.A.B Dato' Seri Utama Mohamad Haji Hasan District : Jelebu, Jempol, Kuala Pilah, Port Dickson, Rembau, Seremban, Tampin
The yellow field of the flag represents the State Ruler. The canton in the top left-hand corner has two colours which divide it diagonally. The colour red represents the rakyat (citizens); and black is the symbol of the four undangs (traditional chiefs).
The nine sheafs of rice on the shield denote the nine states in the federation of Old Negeri Sembilan. The red in the shields reflects the past British connection. The black denotes the Undang, the yellow the Yang Dipertuan Besar. The nine-pointed star also stands for the nine states of Old Negeri Sembilan. The sword and its sheath above the shield represent justice. The changgai puteri between the sword and its sheath represent the sovereignty of the Ruler.
Berkatlah Yang DiPertuan Besar Negeri Sembilan Melaka [top] Area : 1 683 sq km State Capital : Melaka Town Head of State : Tuan Yang Dipertua Tun Datuk Seri Utama Mohd. Khalil Yaakob Chief Minister : Y.A.B Datuk Seri Haji Mohd Ali Mohd Rustam DCSM, DMSM, DSM, PBM District : Alor Gajah, Jasin, Melaka Tengah, Pulau Besar
The colours blue, yellow, red and white on the Melaka flag reflect the exact colours of the flag of Malaysia. This marks Melaka as a Malaysian state. The crescent moon and star are the symbols of Islam, the official religion of the state and country.
The various colours are the colours of the Federation of Malaysia and indicate that the State is part of the Federation. The five keris represent the five famous warriors of old Melaka. The star and crescent stand for Islam, the religion of the State. The Melaka tree is the tree from which the State derives its names. The two mouse deer supporting, the shield serve to recall the incident involving the mouse deer, which led the first ruler of Melaka to choose the site and found the city. The State motto reads: "Unity is Strength"
Melaka Negeri Melaka Johor Darul Takzim [top] Area : 18 986 square km State Capital : Johor Bahru Head of State : Duli Yang Maha Mulia Sultan Mahmood Iskandar Al-Haj Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Ismail DK, SPMJ, SPDK, DK (Brunei), SSIJ, PIS, BSI Chief Minister : Y.A.B Dato' Hj. Abdul Ghani Othman DKII (Johor), SMJ District : Batu Pahat, Johor Bahru, Kluang, Kota Tinggi, Mersing, Muar, Pontian, Segamat
The white crescent and star of five points denote royal sovereignty. The red represents a warrior and the blue represents the universe.
The crown denotes the Ruler. The four stars at the corners of the white shield stand for the four original districts of the State, namely Johor Bahru, Muar, Batu Pahat and Endau. The star and crescent signify Islam. The two tigers rampant recall the period when wild beasts roamed the State. The floral decorations below the shield represent gambier and black pepper, the two original main products of the State. The State motto reads "In the Hands of Allah."
Allah peliharakan Sultan Pahang Darul Makmur [top] Area : 35 965 sq km State Capital : Kuantan Royal Town : Pekan Head of State : Duli Yang Maha Mulia Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Al-Musta’in Billah Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Abu Bakar Ri’yatuddin Al-Mu’ddzam Shah DKP, DK, DKM, SSAP, SIMP, DMN, DK (Perak), DK (Johor), DK (Kelantan), DK (Terengganu), DK (Perlis) , DK (Kedah), DK (Brunei ), DK (Negeri Sembilan), DK (Selangor), Qiladah Badar al-Qubra (Saudi Arabia), Qiladah al-Mubarak al-Kabir (Kuwait), Grand Order of the Mugunghwa (Korea Selatan), Hon. D. Litt (Universiti Malaya), LLD.Hc. (Northrop, USA) Chief Minister : Y.A.B Dato’ Seri Adnan Yaakob SSAP, DSAP District : Bentong, Bera, Cameron Highlands, Jerantut, Kuantan, Lipis, Maran, Pekan, Raub, Rompin, Temerloh
The Pahang flag comprises two equal horizontal stripes of black and white. The white, which is above the black, represents the Ruler and the black denotes the rakyat.
The head of the spear, one of the elements of the State regalia, symbolises the sovereignty of the Ruler. It will be observed that the head of the spear is not commensurate with its length; this is because it is meant to represent the shape of a coffee-tree leaf. According to tradition Sultan Ahmad, who had made many attempts to gain the throne of Pahang, foresaw his final triumph as the result of an incident, which involved a cup of coffee served to him whilst in Terengganu preparing for a final assault. The Malay Annals the elephant had close associations with Malay rulers and their protocol, in particular their use as royal transport.
Ya Allah Yang Maha Terengganu Darul Iman [top] Area : 12 955 sq km State Capital and Royal Town : Kuala Terengganu Head of State : Duli Yang Maha Mulia Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin Ibni Almarhum Sultan Mahmud al-Muktafi Billah Shah DK (NS), DMN, SSMT, DK (Perlis), DKT, SPMJ, DK (Johor), SPMT, DK (Terengganu) Chief Minister : Y.A.B. Dato' Seri Haji Idris bin Jusoh District : Besut, Dungun, Hulu Terengganu, Kemaman, Kuala Terengganu, Marang, Setiu
The white background denotes the Ruler and the black field represents the people; the white surrounding the black signifies the protection of the Ruler over his subjects. The crescent and the star represent Islam, the State religion.
The crescent and the star above indicate that Terengganu is an Islamic State. The crown symbolises the sovereignty of the Ruler. The sword, long kris and the mace represent the authority of the State. The book on the right represents the Holy Quran. The book on the left represents the kitab. The kain dukong symbolise the appurtenances of Malay royalty.
Allah peliharakan Raja kami Kelantan Darul Naim [top] Area : 14 920 sq km State Capital and Royal Town : Kota Bharu Head of State : Duli Yang Maha Mulia Sultan Ismail Petra ibni Almarhum Sultan Yahya Petra DK, DMN, DK (Negeri Sembilan), DK (Selangor), DK (Johor), DK (Kedah), DK (Perak), DK (Terengganu), DK (Perlis), DKMB, DPSS (Sarawak), DP (Sarawak), SPMK, SJMK, SPKK, SPSK Chief Minister : Y.A.B Tuan Guru Dato’ Hj. Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat SJMK, KMN, JP District : Bachok, Gua Musang, Jeli, Kota Bharu, Kuala Krai, Machang, Pasir Mas, Pasir Puteh, Tanah Merah, Tumpat
The state flag features a white crest against a red background. The colour red symbolizes the loyalty of the Kelantanese people and white represents the sanctity of the Ruler.
The crown stands for the sovereignty of the Sultan. The two spears and two keris signify the power of the Kelantan Malays. The star and crescent signify Islam. The two cannons signify that the State is ever ready to defend itself. The two deers serve as reminders of the period in the State's history when Che' Wan Kembang (or Che' Siti), queen of Kelantan (roughly at the end of the 14th century), ordered the State's gold coinage to be stamped with the design of these deers for which she held such a deep affection. The State motto reads: "In God, the Government of Kelantan Submit."
Lanjutkan usia al-Sultan kami Sarawak [top] Area : 124 449 sq km State Capital : Kuching Head of State : His Excellency Tun Abang Muhammad Salahuddin Abang Barieng Chief Minister : Y.A.B Datuk Patinggi Tan Sri (Dr.) Haji Abdul Taib bin Mahmud DP, PSM, SPMJ, SSDK, DGSM, SSAP, SSSA, PGDK,KTWE (Thailand), KEPN (Indonesia), SPMB (Brunei), KOU (Korea) District : Bintulu, Kapit, Kota Samarahan, Kuching, Limbang, Miri, Sarikei, Sibu, Sri Aman
Red symbolises the courage, confidence and sacrifices of the people in their efforts to achieve and maintain progress in the state. Yellow represents the supremacy of the law and the unity found amongst Sarawak's diverse races. Black denotes the abundant natural resources of Sarawak: petroleum and timber. The yellow nine-pointed star represents the nine divisions and the aspirations of the people to improve their quality of life.
The Bunga Raya (Hibiscus) - the national flower appears on the right and left of the bird's legs while the banner or ribbon on which the bird's stand carries the new State Motto "Bersatu, Berusaha, Berbakti" (United, Industrious, Dedicated). Positioned on the bird's chest is a shield bearing the state colours-black, red and yellow.
Sarawak Tanah Air Ku Federal Territory - Labuan [top] Area : 91 sq km Capital : Victoria Head of Government : Y.A.B Dato Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi
Labuan has had its own flag since 1990. For eight years prior to this, Labuan used the Malaysian flag. The Labuan flag consists of three alternating stripes of red, white and blue, the colours signifying Labuan as a Malaysian Federal Territory. The red also denotes courage, the white purity and the blue unity. The crescent moon is the symbol of Islam and the 14-pointed star represents the states of Malaysia. Sabah [top] Area : 73 620 sq km State Capital : Kota Kinabalu Head of State : His Excellency Tun Datuk Seri Panglima Haji Sakaran bin Dandai SMN, PSM, SPDK, SSAP, PGDK, ADK, JP Chief Minister : Y.A.B Datuk Musa Haji Aman District : Beaufort, Beluran, Keningau, Kinabatangan, Kota Belud, Kota Kinabalu, Kota Marudu, Kuala Penyu, Kudat, Kunak, Lahad Datu, Nabawan, Papar, Penampang, Pitas, Ranau, Sandakan, Semporna, Sipitang, Tambunan, Tawau, Tenom, Tuaran
The red stripe represents courage and the willingness to sacrifice for the state of Sabah. White is the colour of purity while dark blue is the colour of peace and prosperity. The light blue denotes Sabah's status as a young state. The silhouette of Mount Kinabalu is the symbol of the unity of the people.
The two arms symbolise unity and cooperation among the State's multi-racial communities for progress and success of the country. The five colours represent the five divisions in the State. Zircon blue symbolises peace and tranquillity, white purity and justice, chilli red courage and conviction, icicle blue unity and prosperity and royal blue strength and cooperation. The silhouette shape of Mount Kinabalu symbolises the State of Sabah.
Sabah, tanahairku
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